Socialna pedagogika, 1998 vol. 2, št. 4, str. 5-35.

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Prispevek prikazuje proces oblikovanja tipologije uporabnikov in uporabe plesnih drog. Podatki so bili zbrani s terenskimi intervjujuji s 43 mladimi ljubljanskimi uporabniki, starimi večinoma od 16 do 24 let, ki zaradi uporabe drog še niso bili v nobenih strokovnih obravnavah. Podatke smo obdelali kvalitativno. Dve temeljni spoznanji te raziskave govorita o veliki raznolikosti vzorcev uporabe drog ter o potrebi, da se oblike preventivnega in drugega dela približajo stvarnemu svetu mladih uporabnikov.

 

Ključne besede: plesne droge, kvalitativno raziskovanje, mladina, tipologija uporabe drog.

Abstract

 

The process of forming the typology of users and the use of dance drugs is described in the article. Data was collected in field interviews with 43 young users from Ljubljana, mainly aged between 16 and 24, who have not received any professional treatment for their drug use. The data has been analysed using qualitative methods. The two basic findings of the reserach are that there is a great heterogeneity in the patterns of drug use and that the preventive and other work shoul take into account the life conditions and realities of the young users.

 

Key words: dance drugs, qualitative methodology, youth, typology of drug use.

Socialna pedagogika, 1998 vol. 2, št. 4, str. 37-55.

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Prispevek prikaznje značilnosti kriminalnopreventivnih prizadevanj in kriminalno prevencijo v zahodnih državah. Predstavljeni so modeli in strategije preprečevanja kriminalitete na osebni in skupnostni ravni, ob tem pa tudi značilnosti prevladujoče filozofije preprečevanja kriminalitete (organiziranje državljanov, preprečevanje individualne viktimizacije, pobude za odpravo droge v skupnosti, zveza med oblikovanjem okolja in kriminaliteto, situacijsko preprečevanje kriminalitete, v skupnost usmerjeno policijsko delo ter programi za otroke in družino). Organizirano preprečevanje kriminalitete je del kriminalne politike države, ki naj bi vsebovala v prispevku predstavljena področja in usklajeno delovanje formalih in neformalnih nadzorovalcev. V prehodnih družbah, ki si še niso izoblikovale strategij in politike dejavnega "soočanja" s kriminaliteto, pa so primeri uporabni za premislek in morebitno izvajanje v praksi.

 

Ključne besede: preprečevanje, kriminaliteta, družba, družina, skupnost, policija, izobraževanje.

Abstract

 

This article shows the characteristics of crime prevention methods and crime prevention in Western countries. Models and strategies of crime prevention at the personal and community levels are presented. The paper also presents all the characteristics of the leading practices in crime prevention (organising citizens, preventing individual victimisation, initiatives for excluding drugs from the community, the relationship between the environment and crime, prevention of opportunistic crime, community policing and programmes for children and families. Organised crime prevention is part of the state criminal policy which should include the areas presented in this paper and the co-ordinated operation of formal and informal supervisors. In transitional societies, which have not yet managed to form their strategies and policies of actively "confronting" crime, these cases are useful to reflect upon and possibly to implement.

 

Key words: prevention, crime, society, family, community, police, education.

Socialna pedagogika, 1998 vol. 2, št. 4, str. 57-65.

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Slovenski strokovnjaki na področju zavodske vzgoje so na podlagi teoretičnih izhodišč in tujih izkušenj izdelali celovit program prenove vzgojnih zavodov v Sloveniji. Uvajanje sprememb je kljub navidez racionalnemu pristopu zelo občutljiv proces. Nosilec, največkrat ravnatelj, je soočen s strahovi in odpori delavcev in okolja. Zato je za izvedbo sprememb potrebno izdelati metodologijo, ki vsebuje elemente empatije, medsebojnega prilagajanja in racionalnega pristopa. Ker spremembe potekajo na različnih ravneh in v različnih stopnjah, se njihova utemeljenost preverja tako, da se ugotovi predlagatelja in motiv, podporo v okviru sistema moči, izvedljivost, smotrnost in pomembnost. Vzgojni zavod Preddvor je s svojo vsebinsko in prostorsko preobrazbo, selitvijo v manjše stanovanjske enote v okolici Kranja, pričel leta 1992. Proces še ni končan, čeprav je bil konec predviden v dveh letih. Prispevek na osnovi upoštevanja različnih dejavnikov išče odgovor na vprašanje, ali je bila odločitev za uvedbo organizacijskih in vsebinskih sprememb Vzgojnega zavoda Preddvor umestna.

 

Ključne besede: vzgojni zavod, procesa prenove, ravnatelj, stanovanjske skupine.

Abstract

 

On the basis of theoretical starting points and foreign experiences the experts in the field of youth care and education have developed integral programme for the modernisation of Slovenian residential institutions. The introduction of changes is a very subtle process, despite an apparent rational approach. The agent of the change, almost always the headteacher, is confronted with the fear and resistance of the staff and the community. The realisation of changes requires the development of a method which combines the elements of empathy, mutual accommodation and a rational approach. Because changes happen at different levels and to different degrees, their relevance can be analysed by determining the proponent and motive, the availability of support in the framework of the institutional system, its feasibility, suitability and significance. In 1992 a move to smaller residential housing units by the residential care institution "Preddvor" set in motion a process of transforming its internal layout and accommodation. This process is still not complete, although it was originally scheduled to take two years. The article searches the answers to the question of appropriateness of the decision to start this process.

 

Key words: residential care institution, process of change, headteacher, group homes.

Socialna pedagogika, 1998 vol. 2, št. 4, str. 67-74.

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Mladinski dom Tone Kozel Maribor je organizacija, ki združuje štiri stanovanjske skupine, namenjene obravnavi otrok in mladostnikov obeh spolov, starih od osem do osemnajst let, ki zaradi čustvene, socialne in vzgojne ogroženosti potrebujejo posebno obliko vzgoje in usposabljanja. Stanovanjske skupine mladinskega doma Tone Kozel so člen v verigi različnih oblik institucionalnega dela z otroki in mladostniki. Bistveni cilj vzgoje v naših stanovanjskih skupinah je vzgoja k samostojnosti. Delo v stanovanjskih skupinah poteka po naslednjih načelih: 1. načelo družinske vzgoje, 2. načelo specifične pedagoške pomoči, terapevtske naravnanosti in povezanosti z drugimi strokovnimi ustanovami, 3. načelo integriranosti v okolje

 

Ključne besede: stanovanjske skupine, vzgojno delo, integriranost v okolje.

Abstract

 

"Mladinski dom Maribor" is an organisation which unites four housing groups with the joint purpose of caring for children and adolescents of both sexes, aged between eight and eighteen years, who, because of emotional, social and educational difficulties, need a special form of education and care. The "Mladinski dom Maribor" housing associations represent a link in the chain of various forms of institutional work with children and adolescents. The fundamental aim of our housing associations is independence through education. Work in the associations is run on the following principles: 1. the principle of family upbringing, 2. the principle of specific pedagogic help, therapeutic regulation and connection with other professional establishments, 3. the principle of integration into the community.

 

Key words: group homes, care work, integration into social environment.

Socialna pedagogika, 1998 vol. 2, št. 4, str. 75-81.

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V stanovanjski skupini v Mariboru teče delo s prostovoljci že sedem let. Sodelujem z Drugo gimnazijo v Mariboru in z Gimnazijo Ptuj. Delo s prostovoljci je organizirano z dveh strani: s strani mentorja šole, na katero je vključen prostovoljec, in mentorja ustanove, na kateri poteka prostovoljno socialno delo. V prvem delu prispevek podaja nekaj izkušenj mentorice prostovoljcev in vzgojiteljice v stanovanjski skupini za mladostnike z MVO, ter razmišlja o problemih, ki se pojavljajo tako pri prostovoljcih kot pri mladostnikih v stanovanjski skupini. V drugem delu so predstavljene izkušnje ene izmed mladostnic ter njene prostovoljke.

 

Ključne besede: prostovoljno delo, stanovanjska skupina, mentorstvo.

Abstract

 

A volunteer programme at the housing association in Maribor has been in operation for seven years already. I co-operate with Grammar School No. 2 in Maribor and the Ptuj Grammar School. Work with volunteers is organised from two sides: that of the mentor at the school which the volunteer attends and that of the mentor in the institution where the voluntary work takes place. The first part of the article presents some of my experiences while working as a mentor to voluntary workers and as a care worker at the housing association for adolescents with behavioural and personality disorders. These experiences are complemented by a consideration of the problems experienced both by volunteers and by adolescents at the association. The second part presents the experiences of one of the adolescents and her voluntary worker.

 

Key words: group home, voluntary work, mentorship.

Socialna pedagogika, 1998 vol. 2, št. 4, str. 83-95.

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Prvi begunski vrtec v Sloveniji je nastal iz potrebe po bolj organizirani in strokovni vzgojno-izobraževalni dejavnosti za otroke begunskih družin, kakor tudi zaradi premagovanja jezikovnih težav ob vstopu v slovensko šolo. Specifiko begunske družine in njenih otrok je avtorica spoznala kot vzgojiteljica v skupini pa tudi v tesnejšem sodelovanju z družinami. Poudarjene so prednosti programa, ki so se zlasti močno izpostavile ravno v primeru begunskega vrtca. Prispevek zaključuje ugotovitve, da je bilo po letu in pol zaznati izrazito zmanjšanje agresivnega vedenja otrok, kar se je izražalo tako fizično kot tudi verbalno, močno povečanje njihove pozornosti in koncentracije pri izvajanju vzgojnih dejavnostih ter velik napredek v pasivnem in aktivnem razumevanju slovenskega jezika, kar je otrokom bistveno zmanjšalo težave ob vstopu v šolo.

 

Ključne besede: begunec, vrtec, družina.

Abstract

 

This article desribes the first nursery school for refugees in Slovenia. It was opened in response to the need for better organisation and more expertise in educational activities for children from refugee families. An additional factor was the language difficulties these children experience on entering a Slovenian school. The article presents the specifics of refugee families and their children, as comprehended by the author through her group work as an educator and also through close co-operation with the families. The final section of this contribution concludes that within the eighteen month duration of the programme a substantial reduction in aggressive behaviour, both physical and verbal, could be noticed, as well as a large increase in the attention span and concentration of the children while performing educational activities. Also noticeable was a substantial improvement in the active and passive understanding of the Slovene language which has greatly reduced the difficulties experienced on enrolling in school.

 

Key words: refugees, nursery school, family.